As part of that process, the Federal Center published a new legitimization protocol to include a mechanism that allows for submission of complaints regarding alleged irregularities that may happen prior to, during, and after the vote. Jewish community representatives reported good cooperation with the government and other religious and civil society organizations in addressing rare instances of such acts. In many parts of the country, human smuggling organizations wielded significant power, and media alleged frequent collusion among local authorities. As a result other unions, including a new union formed by workers after the vote, gained the right to seek representation rights and negotiate a new agreement. The CABs operate under a tripartite system with government, worker, and employer representatives, with worker representation on the CABs selected based on majority representation, which was held by entrenched nondemocratic unions that sign protection contracts with complicit employers to secure low wages. Disappearances remained a persistent problem throughout the country, especially in areas with high levels of cartel or gang-related violence. The National Population Council estimated that in 2020 and 2021, a total of 1,172,000 women had limited access to contraceptives due to COVID-19. Pretrial Detention: Lengthy pretrial detention was a problem, and authorities did not always promptly release those detained unlawfully. There were repeated reports of excessive use of force by police officials when detaining people or policing protests and by members of the National Migration Institute (INM) and the National Guard against migrants. Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador of the MORENA party coalition won the presidential election in generally free and fair multiparty elections in 2018. . There is no single independent oversight mechanism to review police actions, but many federal and state security and justice sector institutions have internal affairs units providing internal supervision and promoting best practices for transparency and accountability. Google received more removal requests from government agents in 2020 than in any other year except 2014. In August 2020 attackers fired multiple shots at the building housing the printing facilities of El Diario de Iguala. During the COVID-19 pandemic, indigenous persons faced additional hardships in accessing educational services. All states have their own human rights commissions. According to the National Womens Institute, the federal institution charged with directing national policy on equal opportunity for men and women, sexual harassment in the workplace was a significant problem. State search collectives reported being victims, at times fatal, of attacks, threats, and other acts of harassment. The law prohibits minors from working in a broad list of hazardous and unhealthy occupations. This represented an increase of 11 percent of children from the 2017 INEGI survey. A Mexico City municipal law provides increased penalties for hate crimes based on sexual orientation and gender identity. The Prosecutor Generals Office owned a previous genetics database, which consisted of 63,000 profiles, and was responsible for the new database. Nonetheless, discrimination was common against racial and ethnic minorities, including Black, Afro-Mexican, and indigenous groups. According to a 2017 INEGI survey, the most recent information available, 12 percent of women were illegally asked to take a pregnancy test as a prerequisite to being hired. On August 30, the Extraordinary Mechanism for Forensic Identification became fully operational. The group reported 16 acts of aggression against female journalists between January and July and called on the Puebla governor to guarantee the adoption of public policies to respect, protect, and guarantee the exercise of journalism. According to civil society, libel and defamation proceedings tripled from 11 cases in 2019 to 33 cases in 2020. There were 50 hate-crime homicides and four forced disappearances committed against the LGBTQI+ community in the first eight months, according to the National Observatory of Crimes Against LGBTQI persons. Between January and May there were an additional 20 complaints of cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment against the National Guard, 20 against the army, and 11 against the National Migration Institute. OSAC is a partnership between the U.S. Department of State and private-sector security community. Defendants may not be compelled to testify or confess guilt. In July 2020 the CNB launched a public version of the National Registry of Disappeared and Missing Persons. In August 2020 a federal judge sentenced Juan Carlos El Larry Moreno Ochoa to 50 years in prison for killing Breach. In 2019 the federal government introduced pensions for persons with disabilities in a state of poverty. According to the Mexican Commission for the Promotion of Human Rights, from 2006 to 2020, federal authorities issued 27 sentences for torture. NGOs reported that acts of excessive use of force and arbitrary detention occurred against female protesters, especially those protesting gender-based violence. The Executive Secretariat of the National Public Security System reported 23,907 domestic violence cases in May, an all-time monthly record. In July the army provided reparations to two of the three families of persons killed in July 2020 by soldiers in Nuevo Laredo, Tamaulipas, during an encounter with suspected cartel members. Some areas of Mexico have increased risk of crime and kidnapping. Social programs to combat child labor did not address all sectors where child labor occurred. The Interior Secretariat registered 224 verbal and physical attacks against journalists in 2020 and a total of 1,052 between 2015 and 2020, 41 percent of which the secretariat attributed to public servants. Between August 23 and August 27, hundreds of migrants from Haiti, Cuba, and Central America protested in front of the National Migration Institute offices in Tapachula, Chiapas, to demand expedited refugee proceedings that would allow them to move freely throughout the country. Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador of the MORENA party coalition won the presidential election in generally free and fair multiparty elections in 2018. Gomez had advocated against illegal logging and the destruction of the Michoacan monarch butterfly habitat. Workers, the employer, or an interested third party may request the CAB or court rule on the legality of the strike, which may find the strike is nonexistent and therefore illegal. Institutionalized persons with disabilities often lacked adequate medical care and rehabilitation services, privacy, and clothing; they often ate, slept, and bathed in unhygienic conditions. The Yucatan Peninsula Campeche, Quintana Roo, and Yucatan states has not suffered the same level of escalating violence seen in other parts of Mexico; however, there is some narco-related violence that affects Cancun (usually not in the . Citizens generally registered the births of newborns with local authorities. Defendants have the right to attend the hearings and to challenge the evidence or testimony presented. osac mexico 2021 crime and safety report. In June unknown assailants killed Javier Barajas Pina in the state of Guanajuato. The government did not restrict or disrupt access to the internet or block or filter online content. Overseas Security Advisory Council (OSAC) | 11,629 followers on LinkedIn. Access to Asylum: Federal law provides for granting asylum, refugee status, or complementary protection to those fleeing persecution or facing possible threats to their life, security, or liberty in their country of origin; this right was generally respected. The CNDH may take on cases from state-level commissions if it receives a complaint that the state commission has not adequately investigated the case. Between January and August the CNDH recorded 123 complaints of arbitrary detention. The CNDH sends a request to the authority asking for evidence of its compliance and includes this follow-up information in its annual report. Authorities sometimes failed to respect court orders, and arrest warrants were sometimes ignored. The army and the navy have human rights units to create protocols and training. As of October the Special Unit for the Investigation and Litigation of the Ayotzinapa case had arrested more than 80 suspects, including army captain Jose Martinez Crespo, an Iguala municipal police officer, and the Iguala municipal police chief. There was a lack of comprehensive data on internally displaced persons (IDPs). The year 2020 had the second-highest number of cases on record, with 8,626 reported missing or disappeared, down from 9,185 cases reported in 2019. Civil society organizations alleged that workers were prohibited from leaving by threats of violence or by nonpayment of wages. The government did not effectively enforce the law or regulations. Between January and June, state authorities opened 129,020 new domestic violence investigations. The project collects data on organized-crime-style homicides, such as location, name of the victim, cause of death, among other relevant factors in order to identify, report, and geolocate crimes, as well as memorialize victims of violence and As of August there were no developments in the case regarding the abduction and killing of seven-year-old Fatima Aldrighetti Anton. The order directed the Attorney General's Office to reopen the investigation into the 2014 killings of 22 civilians by members of the military in Tlatlaya, Mexico State. In February 2020, it called on El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Mexico to protect the rights of migrants and refugees to leave their country of origin, noting that asylum applications from . The web site offers its visitors the latest in safety and security-related information, public announcements, warden messages, travel advisories, significant anniversary dates, terrorist groups profiles, country crime and safety reports, special topic reports, foreign press reports, and much more. This Standards Bulletin from the Organization of Scientific Area Committees (OSAC) for Forensic Science provides a monthly update on: Standards moving through the OSAC Registry approval processes for published and OSAC Proposed Standards. On July 21, Merida, Yucatan, municipal police detained Jose Eduardo Ravelo Echeverria. In 2019 a Mexico City court ordered academic Sergio Aguayo, a columnist of the daily newspaper Reforma, to pay a fine of 10 million pesos ($530,000) in moral damages to former Coahuila governor Humberto Moreira. According to multiple NGOs, due to COVID-19s impact on the economy, funding sources for womens shelters, including for indigenous women, were insufficient. Relatives of victims wait in anguish for news after a shooting July 1 at a drug rehabilitation center . State governments reported investigating 12 suspected forced labor cases in 2020. According to advocacy groups, no information was available concerning the criteria through which the government chooses media outlets for public advertising. Enforcement was inadequate in many small companies, in agriculture, and in construction, and nearly absent in the informal sector in which most child laborers worked. In addition to the outstanding Zeron arrest warrant, the Special Unit for the Investigation and Litigation of the Ayotzinapa case issued 12 warrants and made 10 arrests for investigative irregularities, such as torture and obstruction of justice. According to the NGO, institutional staff in Baja California reported that four children with disabilities died within days of each other with no known investigations. osac mexico 2020 crime and safety report. The Monterrey Country Council is active, meeting quarterly. The National Human Rights Commission (CNDH) is responsible for independently investigating security force abuses, including killings, and can issue nonbinding recommendations for prosecution. In May in Chicoloapan, state of Mexico, municipal police beat and detained supporters of feminist groups as they led a protest against gender-based violence and political parties. According to the Center for Economic Research and Teaching, most criminal suspects did not receive representation until after their first custody hearing, thus making individuals vulnerable to coercion to sign false statements prior to appearing before a judge. Mexico is a multiparty federal republic with an elected president and bicameral legislature. Standards moving through the development process at standards developing organizations (SDOs). Many workers were compelled into forced labor through debt bondage, threats of violence, and nonpayment of wages by recruiters and employers. In Chiapas in July an unidentified perpetrator killed Simon Pedro Perez Lopez, a human rights activist and member of the Las Abejas de Acteal civil society organization. Federal law prohibits arbitrary arrest and detention and provides for the right of any person to challenge the lawfulness of his or her arrest or detention in court; however, the government sometimes failed to observe these requirements. Before a strike may take place, a union must file a notice to strike with the appropriate CAB, or the appropriate labor court once they are operational. Defendants have the right to a presumption of innocence and to a fair and public trial without undue delay. State human rights commissions investigate state and municipal police forces and can issue similar recommendations. Unprecedented numbers of migrants arriving at the countrys southern border and requesting refugee status stretched the refugee agencys capacity to process requests. 2021 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Mexico, An official website of the United States Government, https://www.state.gov/religiousfreedomreport/, https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/International-Parental-Child-Abduction/for-providers/legal-reports-and-data/reported-cases, https://www.state.gov/trafficking-in-persons-report/, https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/findings/, https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/reports/child-labor/list-of-goods. Rather than receiving daily wages once a week, as mandated by law, day laborers had to meet certain harvest quotas to receive the promised wage. Public buildings and facilities often did not comply with the law requiring access for persons with disabilities. As of August 16, authorities had not arrested any suspects. The deadline for unions to amend and register their statutes, originally set to expire in May 2020, was suspended due to COVID-19, reestablished in late 2020, and continued as of November. The previous platform lacked interconnectivity between states and failed to connect family members effectively to the remains of their missing relatives. Efforts focused on implementation of the 2019 labor law reform that transformed the labor justice system. The law allows for the reinstatement of workers if the CAB finds the employer fired the worker without just cause and the worker requests reinstatement; however, the law also exempts broad categories of employees from this protection, including so-called employees of confidence and workers in the job for less than one year. Indigenous defendants who did not speak Spanish sometimes were unaware of the status of their cases and were convicted without fully understanding the documents they were instructed to sign. osac mexico 2020 crime and safety report According to the victims mother, police detained and interrogated him without reasonable suspicion or probable cause. The Executive Secretariat of the National Public Security System reported more than 1,889 killings of women, including 672 femicides, from January to September. As of August 23, Marin was awaiting trial. Minors were recruited or forced by cartels to traffic persons, drugs, or other goods across the border with the United States. Black migrants reported migration authorities detained Black migrants for longer periods than other migrants. The National Shelter Network reported that the network assisted 12,000 women and children between January and August. The rate of aggression against political figures during the election cycle was on par with the 2018 election, one of the most violent political periods in recent history. See state summaries and advisory levels below for information on your specific travel destination. Last Update: Reissued with updates to health information. The government generally exempted accompanying adults from detention to preserve family unity. Freedom of expression advocacy groups reported the government, despite reductions in its advertising budgets, continued to have a strong financial impact and influence on the largest media companies. Sign up with the U.S. State Department's Smart Traveler Enrollment Program (STEP), a free service that alerts the local U.S. Embassy to your presence and connects you to regular updates on traveler safety. Labor recruiters enticed families to work during harvests with verbal promises of decent wages and a good standard of living. Although the law requires entities recruiting for overseas employment to register with the STPS, there is no enforcement mechanism, and only a handful of recruiters complied. At the federal level, the Secretariat of Social Development, Prosecutor Generals Office, and National System for Integral Family Development share responsibility for inspections to enforce child labor laws and to intervene in cases in which employers violate such laws. Following the introduction of the accusatorial justice system, however, there was a significant reduction in the number of persons detained in this manner, falling from more than 1,900 in 2011 to 21 in 2018. When authorities fail to accept a recommendation, the CNDH makes that known publicly. The current U.S. Department of State Travel Advisory at the date of this report's publication assesses Peru at Level 2, showing travelers should exercise increased caution. In Baja California Sur, Guanajuato, Michoacan, Nayarit, Nuevo Leon, and Yucatan, the crimes of defamation and libel are prosecuted, with penalties ranging from three days to five years in prison and fines for committing defamation or slander, both considered crimes against honor. Slander is punishable under the criminal laws of the states of Campeche, Nuevo Leon, Sonora, Yucatan, and Zacatecas, with sentences ranging from three months to six years in prison and fines. Between January and June, the commission registered that 115,534 women received attention in Justice Centers for Women throughout the country, a 19 percent increase over the same period in 2020. After denying they existed, in 2019 the Prosecutor Generals Office provided evidence of Pegasus licensing contracts in 2016 and 2017. In July Public Safety Secretary Rosa Isela Rodriguez revealed that the Felipe Calderon and Enrique Pena Nieto administrations signed 31 contracts for $61 million to buy Pegasus spy software. The guidelines allow internet service providers to deny access to certain applications, content, and services based on commercial criteria, in breach of their obligations to protect neutrality. According to several NGOs and unions, many workers faced violence and intimidation perpetrated by protection union leaders and employers supporting them, as well as other workers, union leaders, and vigilantes hired by a company to suppress opposition to an existing union in bargaining-rights elections. Women, children, indigenous persons, persons with disabilities, LGBTQI+ persons, and migrants (including men, women, and children) were the most vulnerable to forced labor (see section 7.c.). 10/22/21- (written by rramos)- Justice in Mexico has released the third edition of Organized Crime and Violence in Mexico, coordinated by Laura Y. Caldern, Kimberly Heinle, Rita E. Kuckertz, Octavio Rodrguez Ferreira, and David A. Shirk.Previously titled Drug Violence in Mexico, the release marks the third consecutive year in which the report has been issued under its current name, in . Indigenous persons in isolated regions reported incidents of forced labor in which cartel members forced them to perform illicit activities or face death. In July the CNB reported it had recovered more than 1,100 pounds of charred human remains from La Bartolina, Tamaulipas, a clandestine cremation site found in 2017. There were high rates of impunity for these crimes, consistent with high impunity rates for all crimes. As of July, 39 percent of active unions under local jurisdiction had registered required amendments to their amended statutes to incorporate new secret ballot and gender equity requirements with the CABs. July 2022. Mexico has relied heavily on the military for drug control and to fight organized crime, leading to widespread human rights violations. All states have additional laws against discrimination. Several outbreaks of COVID-19 resulted in multiple deaths. Observers from grassroots labor rights groups, international NGOs, and multinational apparel brands reported that employers in export-oriented supply chains increasingly used hiring methods that lessened job security. On June 6, authorities arrested former Nayarit governor Roberto Sandoval and his daughter Lidy Alejandra Sandoval Lopez for corruption and money laundering. Reproductive Rights: There were no confirmed reports of coerced abortion or involuntary sterilization on the part of government authorities. According to the Interior Secretariat, between 2018 and July assailants killed seven journalists and two defenders under protection of the mechanism. State-level prosecutors reported investigating at least 199 cases involving child trafficking victims in 2020. In July the secretary of the navy publicly apologized to families of the victims, marking the first time the armed forces apologized for committing forced disappearances. car accident in brooklyn today belt parkway. On August 31, the government suspended the two agents for inappropriate conduct. The law also provides for the rights of appeal and of bail in most categories of crimes. Global AIDS Coordinator and Global Health Diplomacy, Special Presidential Envoy for Hostage Affairs, Special Representative for Syria Engagement, U.S. Security Coordinator for Israel and the Palestinian Authority, Office of the U.S. The Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACHR), the UN Working Group on Arbitrary Detention, and NGOs expressed concerns regarding arbitrary detention and the potential for it to lead to other human rights abuses. The same tribunal rejected registration challenges from four other parties, including former president Felipe Calderons Free Mexico Party, which the INE argued did not produce sufficient evidence of the origin of some funding it received. Crime Threats. In response to a 2020 civil society organization lawsuit, a Mexico City court ruled authorities must implement COVID-19 detection and preventive health protocols for detainees and their families in prisons in Mexico City and psychiatric wards nationwide. In October 2020 authorities announced they would release Brenda Quevedo Cruz, who had been in prison without trial since 2007. For example, manufacturers commonly hired workers on one- to three-month contracts and then waited a period of days before rehiring them on new short-term contracts to avoid paying severance and to prevent workers from accruing seniority. In April authorities arrested 30 members of the navy and charged them with forced disappearances in Nuevo Laredo, Tamaulipas, in 2018. From January to June, the CNDH received nine complaints accusing government agents of forced disappearances, including five against the army and four against the National Guard. There were 600 federal labor inspectors to cover the entire country; 60 percent of state level labor authorities had fewer than 10 inspectors. Organized criminal groups dominated migrant smuggling operations and often kidnapped, threatened, and extorted migrants to pay a fee for facilitating northbound travel. Federal funding assisted the operation of more than 69 shelters, external attention centers, emergency houses, and transition houses. Wages were illegally withheld until the end of the harvest to ensure that the workers did not leave. Spousal rape is criminalized in 26 of the 32 states. According to the NGO Christian Solidarity Worldwide, Catholic-majority communities sometimes discriminated, harassed, threatened, displaced, denied basic services, and destroyed the property of individuals who left Catholicism. In the first six months of the year, Article 19 registered 362 attacks against journalists and accused public officials of committing 134 of them. TYT.-. Lozoya accused high-level politicians representing multiple parties of complicity in his corrupt acts and was acting as a states witness in trials against them. Freedom of Expression, Including for Members of the Press and Other Media, b. Freedoms of Peaceful Assembly and Association, d. Freedom of Movement and the Right to Leave the Country, e. Status and Treatment of Internally Displaced Persons, Section 3. Federal and state labor inspectorates conducted nearly 30,000 labor inspections in formally registered businesses in 2020 but did not conduct inspections in the informal sector. Federal labor law requires a minimum of 20 workers to form a union. Under the accusatorial system, judges conduct all hearings and trials and follow the principles of public access and cross-examination. Contribute to chinapedia/wikipedia.en development by creating an account on GitHub. such as having witnessed the commission of a crime; in a 2018 report, the domestic think tank Mexico . osac mexico 2020 crime and safety report osac mexico 2020 crime and safety report. As of July, 94 percent of active unions under federal jurisdiction had registered their amended statutes with the Secretariat of Labor and Social Welfare (STPS), but only 39 percent of active unions under local jurisdiction had registered their amendments with the CABs. In August the federal government signed a public-private partnership agreement with the Teleton Institute for it to provide rehabilitation services to 20,000 pension-receiving children. Government officials stated that the harassment of Catholic priests and evangelical Protestant pastors reflected high levels of generalized violence throughout the country and not targeted attacks based on religious faith. Sometimes family members arranged marriages for girls younger than 18. Some cases dated back to the 1960s, but the vast majority occurred since 2006.
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